Button matrix（按钮矩阵） (lv_buttonmatrix)

Overview（概述）

显示原文

The Button Matrix object is a lightweight way to display multiple buttons in rows and columns. Lightweight because the buttons are not actually created but just virtually drawn on the fly. This way, one button use only eight extra bytes of memory instead of the ~100-150 bytes a normal Button object plus the 100 or so bytes for the Label object.

The Button matrix is added to the default group (if one is set). Besides the Button matrix is an editable object to allow selecting and clicking the buttons with encoder navigation too.

按钮矩阵(lv_btnmatrix)组件是一种在行和列中显示多个按钮的轻量级实现方式。按钮不是实际创建出来的，而是实时绘制出来的，所以轻量级，因为这样一个按钮仅使用 8 个字节的内存，而不是普通 Button 组件那样：~100-150 字节再加上 Label 组件的内存占用。

按钮矩阵添加到默认组（如果之前已设置了组）。此外，按钮矩阵是一个可编辑的对象，可以通过编码器导航选择和单击按钮。

Parts and Styles（零件和样式）

显示原文

LV_PART_MAIN The background of the button matrix, uses the typical background style properties. pad_row and pad_column sets the space between the buttons.
LV_PART_ITEMS The buttons all use the text and typical background style properties except translations and transformations.

LV_PART_MAIN 按钮矩阵的背景，使用所有组件默认都有的典型的背景样式属性。可通过 pad_row 和 pad_column 设置按钮之间的空间。
LV_PART_ITEMS 除了转变之外，按钮都使用文本和典型的背景样式属性。

Usage（用法）

Button's text（按钮的文字）

显示原文

There is a text on each button. To specify them a descriptor string array, called map, needs to be used. The map can be set with lv_buttonmatrix_set_map(buttonm, my_map). The declaration of a map should look like const char * map[] = {"button1", "button2", "button3", NULL}. Note that the last element has to be either NULL or an empty string ("")!

Use "\n" in the map to insert a line break. E.g. {"button1", "button2", "\n", "button3", ""}. Each line's buttons have their width calculated automatically. So in the example the first row will have 2 buttons each with 50% width and a second row with 1 button having 100% width.

每个按钮上都可以有文字。要指定按钮的文字，需要使用称为 map 的描述符按钮布局的字符串数组。 map 可以使用 lv_buttonmatrix_set_map(buttonm, my_map) 接口设置。 map 的格式： const char * map[] = {"button1", "button2", "button3", NULL}。请注意，map 数组的最后一个元素必须是 NULL 或空字符串("")!

在 map 中使用 "\n" 插入 换行符。例如。 {"button1", "button2", "\n", "button3", ""}。每行按钮的宽度都会自动计算平均分配(默认)。因此，在上面的示例中，第一行将有 2 个按钮，每个按钮的宽度为 50%，第二行将有 1 个按钮的宽度为 100%。

Control buttons（控制按钮）

显示原文

The buttons' width can be set relative to the other button in the same row with lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_width(buttonm, button_id, width) E.g. in a line with two buttons: buttonA, width = 1 and buttonB, width = 2, buttonA will have 33 % width and buttonB will have 66 % width. It's similar to how the "flex-grow" property works in CSS. The width must be in the [1..15] range and the default width is 1.

In addition to the width, each button can be customized with the following parameters:

LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_HIDDEN: Makes a button hidden (hidden buttons still take up space in the layout, they are just not visible or clickable)
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_NO_REPEAT: Disable repeating when the button is long pressed
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_DISABLED: Makes a button disabled Like LV_STATE_DISABLED on normal objects
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKABLE: Enable toggling of a button. I.e. LV_STATE_CHECKED will be added/removed as the button is clicked
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKED: Make the button checked. It will use the LV_STATE_CHECHKED styles.
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CLICK_TRIG: Enabled: send LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGE on CLICK, Disabled: send LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGE on PRESS
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_POPOVER: Show the button label in a popover when pressing this key
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CUSTOM_1: Custom free to use flag
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CUSTOM_2: Custom free to use flag

By default, all flags are disabled.

To set or clear a button's control attribute, use lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl(buttonm, button_id, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...) and lv_buttonmatrix_clear_button_ctrl(buttonm, button_id, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...) respectively. More LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_... values can be OR-ed

To set/clear the same control attribute for all buttons of a button matrix, use lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl_all(buttonm, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...) and lv_buttonmatrix_clear_button_ctrl_all(buttonm, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...).

The set a control map for a button matrix (similarly to the map for the text), use lv_buttonmatrix_set_ctrl_map(buttonm, ctrl_map). An element of ctrl_map should look like ctrl_map[0] = width | LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_NO_REPEAT | LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECHKABLE. The number of elements should be equal to the number of buttons (excluding newlines characters).

可以使用 lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_width(buttonm, button_id, width) 接口设置相对于同一行中的另一个按钮的宽度。例如。在一行中有两个按钮这样设置：btnA, width = 1 和 btnB, width = 2，这样btnA 将有 33% 的宽度，btnB 将有 66% 的宽度。它类似于 "flex-grow" 属性在 CSS 中的工作方式。宽度必须在 [1..15] 范围内，默认宽度为 1。

除了宽度之外，每个按钮还可以使用以下参数进行自定义：

LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_HIDDEN: 隐藏按钮（隐藏的按钮仍然占用布局中的空间，它们只是不可见或不可点击）
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_NO_REPEAT: 长按按钮时禁用重复
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_DISABLED: 使按钮被禁用，就像普通对象上的 LV_STATE_DISABLED
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKABLE: 启用按钮切换。也就是 LV_STATE_CHECHED 将在按钮被点击时添加/删除
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKED: 检查按钮。它将使用 LV_STATE_CHECHKED 的样式。
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CLICK_TRIG: 启用：在点击时发送 LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGE ；禁用：在按下时发送 LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGE
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_POPOVER: 按下此键时在弹出框中显示按钮标签
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CUSTOM_1: 可自定义使用的标志
LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CUSTOM_2: 可自定义使用的标志

默认情况下，所有标志都被禁用。

要设置或清除按钮的控制属性，请使用 lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl(buttonm, button_id, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...) 和 lv_buttonmatrix_clear_button_ctrl(buttonm, button_id, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...) 分别。更多 LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_... 值可以被 OR-ed

要为按钮矩阵的所有按钮设置/清除相同的控制属性，请使用 lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl_all(buttonm, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...) 和 lv_buttonmatrix_clear_button_ctrl_all(buttonm, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_...)。

我们可以写一个数组来一次单独设置多个或者所有的按钮，这有点像一个控制表，这里称其为 ctrl_map ，我们可以使用 lv_buttonmatrix_set_ctrl_map(buttonm, ctrl_map) 将控制表添加到按钮矩阵中。 ctrl_map 中的元素的格式 ctrl_map[0] = width | LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_NO_REPEAT | LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECHKABLE，也就是我们可以添加多个属性。元素的数量应该等于(可以小于，但是不应该超出)按钮的数量(不包括换行符)。

One check（一次检查）

显示原文

The "One check" feature can be enabled with lv_buttonmatrix_set_one_checked(buttonm, true) to allow only one button to be checked at a time.

可以使用 lv_buttonmatrix_set_one_checked(buttonm, true) 启用 “一次检查” 功能，这样一次只能检查一个按钮(我们就能知道最后点击的是哪个按钮)。

Events（事件）

显示原文

LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED: Sent when a button is pressed/released or repeated after long press. The event parameter is set to the ID of the pressed/released button.

See the events of the Base object too.

lv_buttonmatrix_get_selected_button(buttonm) returns the index of the most recently released or focused button or LV_BUTTONMATRIX_BUTTON_NONE if no such button.

lv_buttonmatrix_get_button_text(buttonm, button_id) returns a pointer to the text of button_idth button.

Learn more about Events（事件）.

LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED: 按下/释放按钮或长按时发送。事件参数设置为按下/释放按钮的ID。

另请参阅基本对象的事件。

lv_buttonmatrix_get_selected_button(buttonm) 返回最近被释放或聚焦按钮的索引。如果没有这样的按钮，则 LV_BUTTONMATRIX_BUTTON_NONE 返回最近被释放或聚焦按钮的索引。按钮。

lv_buttonmatrix_get_button_text(buttonm, button_id) 返回指向文本 button_id的按钮。

详细了解更多 Events（事件）。

Keys（按键）

显示原文

LV_KEY_RIGHT/UP/LEFT/RIGHT To navigate among the buttons to select one
LV_KEY_ENTER To press/release the selected button

Note that long pressing the button matrix with an encoder can mean to enter/leave edit mode and simply long pressing a button to make it repeat as well. To avoid this contradiction it's suggested to add lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl_all(buttonm, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CLICK_TRIG | LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_NO_REPEAT) to the button matrix if used with encoder. This way, the pressed button repeat feature is disabled and on leaving edit mode the selected button won't be activated.

Learn more about Keys（按键）.

LV_KEY_RIGHT/UP/LEFT/RIGHT 在按钮矩阵的按钮之间导航来选中不同的按钮。
LV_KEY_ENTER 按下/释放所选按钮。

请注意，长按编码器的按钮矩阵可能意味着进入/退出编辑模式，只需长按一个按钮即可以重复。为了避免这种矛盾，建议添加 lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl_all(buttonm, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CLICK_TRIG | LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_NO_REPEAT) 到按钮矩阵（如果与编码器一起使用）。这样，按下的按钮重复功能被禁用，并且在离开编辑模式时，选择按钮不会被激活。

了解有关 Keys（按键）的更多信息。

Example

[English]

Simple Button matrix

#include "../../lv_examples.h"
#if LV_USE_BUTTONMATRIX && LV_BUILD_EXAMPLES

static void event_handler(lv_event_t * e)
{
    lv_event_code_t code = lv_event_get_code(e);
    lv_obj_t * obj = lv_event_get_target(e);
    if(code == LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED) {
        uint32_t id = lv_buttonmatrix_get_selected_button(obj);
        const char * txt = lv_buttonmatrix_get_button_text(obj, id);
        LV_UNUSED(txt);
        LV_LOG_USER("%s was pressed\n", txt);
    }
}

static const char * btnm_map[] = {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "\n",
                                  "6", "7", "8", "9", "0", "\n",
                                  "Action1", "Action2", ""
                                 };

void lv_example_buttonmatrix_1(void)
{
    lv_obj_t * btnm1 = lv_buttonmatrix_create(lv_screen_active());
    lv_buttonmatrix_set_map(btnm1, btnm_map);
    lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_width(btnm1, 10, 2);        /*Make "Action1" twice as wide as "Action2"*/
    lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl(btnm1, 10, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKABLE);
    lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl(btnm1, 11, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKED);
    lv_obj_align(btnm1, LV_ALIGN_CENTER, 0, 0);
    lv_obj_add_event_cb(btnm1, event_handler, LV_EVENT_ALL, NULL);
}

#endif

Custom buttons

#include "../../lv_examples.h"
#if LV_USE_BUTTONMATRIX && LV_BUILD_EXAMPLES

static void event_cb(lv_event_t * e)
{
    lv_obj_t * obj = lv_event_get_target(e);
    lv_draw_task_t * draw_task = lv_event_get_draw_task(e);
    lv_draw_dsc_base_t * base_dsc = draw_task->draw_dsc;
    /*When the button matrix draws the buttons...*/
    if(base_dsc->part == LV_PART_ITEMS) {
        bool pressed = false;
        if(lv_buttonmatrix_get_selected_button(obj) == base_dsc->id1 && lv_obj_has_state(obj, LV_STATE_PRESSED)) {
            pressed = true;
        }

        /*Change the draw descriptor of the 2nd button*/
        if(base_dsc->id1 == 1) {
            lv_draw_fill_dsc_t * fill_draw_dsc = lv_draw_task_get_fill_dsc(draw_task);
            if(fill_draw_dsc) {
                fill_draw_dsc->radius = 0;
                if(pressed) fill_draw_dsc->color = lv_palette_darken(LV_PALETTE_BLUE, 3);
                else fill_draw_dsc->color = lv_palette_main(LV_PALETTE_BLUE);
            }
            lv_draw_box_shadow_dsc_t * box_shadow_draw_dsc = lv_draw_task_get_box_shadow_dsc(draw_task);
            if(box_shadow_draw_dsc) {
                box_shadow_draw_dsc->width = 6;
                box_shadow_draw_dsc->ofs_x = 3;
                box_shadow_draw_dsc->ofs_y = 3;
            }
            lv_draw_label_dsc_t * label_draw_dsc = lv_draw_task_get_label_dsc(draw_task);
            if(label_draw_dsc) {
                label_draw_dsc->color = lv_color_white();
            }

        }
        /*Change the draw descriptor of the 3rd button*/
        else if(base_dsc->id1 == 2) {
            lv_draw_fill_dsc_t * fill_draw_dsc = lv_draw_task_get_fill_dsc(draw_task);
            if(fill_draw_dsc) {
                fill_draw_dsc->radius = LV_RADIUS_CIRCLE;
                if(pressed) fill_draw_dsc->color = lv_palette_darken(LV_PALETTE_RED, 3);
                else fill_draw_dsc->color = lv_palette_main(LV_PALETTE_RED);
            }
        }
        else if(base_dsc->id1 == 3) {
            lv_draw_label_dsc_t * label_draw_dsc = lv_draw_task_get_label_dsc(draw_task);
            if(label_draw_dsc) {
                label_draw_dsc->opa = 0;
            }
            if(draw_task->type == LV_DRAW_TASK_TYPE_FILL) {
                LV_IMAGE_DECLARE(img_star);
                lv_image_header_t header;
                lv_result_t res = lv_image_decoder_get_info(&img_star, &header);
                if(res != LV_RESULT_OK) return;

                lv_area_t a;
                a.x1 = 0;
                a.x2 = header.w - 1;
                a.y1 = 0;
                a.y2 = header.h - 1;
                lv_area_align(&draw_task->area, &a, LV_ALIGN_CENTER, 0, 0);

                lv_draw_image_dsc_t img_draw_dsc;
                lv_draw_image_dsc_init(&img_draw_dsc);
                img_draw_dsc.src = &img_star;
                img_draw_dsc.recolor = lv_color_black();
                if(pressed) img_draw_dsc.recolor_opa = LV_OPA_30;

                lv_draw_image(base_dsc->layer, &img_draw_dsc, &a);

            }
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Add custom drawer to the button matrix to customize buttons one by one
 */
void lv_example_buttonmatrix_2(void)
{
    lv_obj_t * btnm = lv_buttonmatrix_create(lv_screen_active());
    lv_obj_add_event_cb(btnm, event_cb, LV_EVENT_DRAW_TASK_ADDED, NULL);
    lv_obj_add_flag(btnm, LV_OBJ_FLAG_SEND_DRAW_TASK_EVENTS);
    lv_obj_center(btnm);
}

#endif

Pagination

#include "../../lv_examples.h"
#if LV_USE_BUTTONMATRIX  && LV_BUILD_EXAMPLES

static void event_cb(lv_event_t * e)
{
    lv_obj_t * obj = lv_event_get_target(e);
    uint32_t id = lv_buttonmatrix_get_selected_button(obj);
    bool prev = id == 0;
    bool next = id == 6;
    if(prev || next) {
        /*Find the checked button*/
        uint32_t i;
        for(i = 1; i < 7; i++) {
            if(lv_buttonmatrix_has_button_ctrl(obj, i, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKED)) break;
        }

        if(prev && i > 1) i--;
        else if(next && i < 5) i++;

        lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl(obj, i, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKED);
    }
}

/**
 * Make a button group (pagination)
 */
void lv_example_buttonmatrix_3(void)
{
    static lv_style_t style_bg;
    lv_style_init(&style_bg);
    lv_style_set_pad_all(&style_bg, 0);
    lv_style_set_pad_gap(&style_bg, 0);
    lv_style_set_clip_corner(&style_bg, true);
    lv_style_set_radius(&style_bg, LV_RADIUS_CIRCLE);
    lv_style_set_border_width(&style_bg, 0);

    static lv_style_t style_btn;
    lv_style_init(&style_btn);
    lv_style_set_radius(&style_btn, 0);
    lv_style_set_border_width(&style_btn, 1);
    lv_style_set_border_opa(&style_btn, LV_OPA_50);
    lv_style_set_border_color(&style_btn, lv_palette_main(LV_PALETTE_GREY));
    lv_style_set_border_side(&style_btn, LV_BORDER_SIDE_INTERNAL);
    lv_style_set_radius(&style_btn, 0);

    static const char * map[] = {LV_SYMBOL_LEFT, "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", LV_SYMBOL_RIGHT, ""};

    lv_obj_t * btnm = lv_buttonmatrix_create(lv_screen_active());
    lv_buttonmatrix_set_map(btnm, map);
    lv_obj_add_style(btnm, &style_bg, 0);
    lv_obj_add_style(btnm, &style_btn, LV_PART_ITEMS);
    lv_obj_add_event_cb(btnm, event_cb, LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED, NULL);
    lv_obj_set_size(btnm, 225, 35);

    /*Allow selecting on one number at time*/
    lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl_all(btnm, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKABLE);
    lv_buttonmatrix_clear_button_ctrl(btnm, 0, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKABLE);
    lv_buttonmatrix_clear_button_ctrl(btnm, 6, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKABLE);

    lv_buttonmatrix_set_one_checked(btnm, true);
    lv_buttonmatrix_set_button_ctrl(btnm, 1, LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_CHECKED);

    lv_obj_center(btnm);

}

#endif

API

lv_buttonmatrix.h

lv_keyboard.h