Keyboard(键盘) (lv_keyboard)
Overview(概述)
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The Keyboard object is a special Button matrix with predefined keymaps and other features to realize a virtual keyboard to write texts into a Text area.
键盘(lv_keyboard)对象是一个特殊的 按钮矩阵 ,自身实现了按键(map)映射和其他功能,目的是用于实现一个虚拟键盘将文本写入 文本框 。
Parts and Styles(部分与样式)
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Similarly to Button matrices Keyboards consist of 2 part:
LV_PART_MAIN
The main part. Uses all the typical background propertiesLV_PART_ITEMS
The buttons. Also uses all typical background properties as well as the text properties.
与按钮矩阵类似,键盘由 2 部分组成:
LV_PART_MAIN
主要部分(自身背景部分),使用所有组件默认都有的典型的背景样式属性。LV_PART_ITEMS
键盘中的按钮。使用所有典型的背景属性以及 text 属性。
Usage(用法)
Modes(模式)
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The Keyboards have the following modes:
LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_LOWER
Display lower case lettersLV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_UPPER
Display upper case lettersLV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_SPECIAL
Display special charactersLV_KEYBOARD_MODE_NUMBER
Display numbers, +/- sign, and decimal dotLV_KEYBOARD_MODE_USER_1
throughLV_KEYBOARD_MODE_USER_4
User-defined modes.
The TEXT
modes' layout contains buttons to change mode.
To set the mode manually, use lv_keyboard_set_mode(kb, mode). The
default mode is LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_UPPER
.
键盘可以切换为下面这几种输入模式:
LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_LOWER
26键英文小写键盘模式LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_UPPER
26键英文大写键盘模式LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_SPECIAL
特殊字符输入模式LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_NUMBER
数字键盘模式。可以输入数字、+/- 符号和小数点LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_USER_1
到LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_USER_4
用户可自定义拓展的模式lvgl
更改模式会更改键盘的按钮的文字甚至布局。
您可以通过 lv_keyboard_set_mode(kb, mode) 函数手动设置模式。默认的模式是 LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_TEXT_UPPER
。
Assign Text area(指定文本框)
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You can assign a Text area to the Keyboard to automatically put the clicked characters there. To assign the text area, use lv_keyboard_set_textarea(kb, ta).
你可以将 Text area 分配给键盘绑定,之后点击键盘上的按钮就能更改文本框中的内容。可以通过 lv_keyboard_set_textarea(kb, ta) 函数将文本框绑定到键盘上。
Key Popovers(按键弹出提示)
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To enable key popovers on press, like on common Android and iOS
keyboards, use lv_keyboard_set_popovers(kb, true). The default
control maps are preconfigured to only show the popovers on keys that
produce a symbol and not on e.g. space. If you use a custom keymap, set
the LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_POPOVER
flag for all keys that you want to
show a popover.
Note that popovers for keys in the top row will draw outside the widget boundaries. To account for this, reserve extra free space on top of the keyboard or ensure that the keyboard is added after any widgets adjacent to its top boundary so that the popovers can draw over those.
The popovers currently are merely a visual effect and don't allow selecting additional characters such as accents yet.
这个效果就像常见的安卓和iOS键盘上的效果:按下按键时会有在相应的按键之上弹出该按键提示当前按下的按钮。调用函数 lv_keyboard_set_popovers(kb, true) 即可得到这样得效果。默认控制map默认的配置是只在有text的按键上显示弹出提示框,而不会在空格键(space)上显示。如果使用自定义的按键map,请为所有要显示弹出框的按键设置 LV_BUTTONMATRIX_CTRL_POPOVER
标志。
请注意,顶行中的按键的弹出窗口将被绘制在超过键盘的边界之外。因此,建议在键盘顶部保留额外的可用空间,或确保在其顶部边界附近的任何其他控件(对象)之后再添加或者创建键盘,来确保弹出窗口不被这些控件遮挡。
目前,弹出窗口仅仅是一种视觉效果,还不支持使用其他字符,例如重音符号等。
New Keymap(自定义键盘布局)
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You can specify a new map (layout) for the keyboard with lv_keyboard_set_map(kb, LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_..., kb_map, kb_ctrl). See the Button matrix for more information about creating new maps and ctrls.
Keep in mind that using following keywords will have the same effect as with the original map:
LV_SYMBOL_OK
SendLV_EVENT_READY
to the assigned Text area.LV_SYMBOL_CLOSE
orLV_SYMBOL_KEYBOARD
SendLV_EVENT_CANCEL
to the assigned Text area.LV_SYMBOL_BACKSPACE
Delete on the left.LV_SYMBOL_LEFT
Move the cursor left.LV_SYMBOL_RIGHT
Move the cursor right.LV_SYMBOL_NEW_LINE
New line."ABC"
Load the uppercase map."abc"
Load the lower case map."1#"
Load the lower case map.
您可以使用 lv_keyboard_set_map(kb, LV_KEYBOARD_MODE_..., kb_map, kb_ctrl) 函数为键盘指定新的map(布局)。
看 按钮矩阵 ,了解详细信息创建新的map(布局)和Ctrl。
请记住,使用以下关键字可以得到与内置map(布局)相同的效果:
LV_SYMBOL_OK
将LV_EVENT_READY
事件触发到指定的文本区域。LV_SYMBOL_CLOSE
或LV_SYMBOL_KEYBOARD
将LV_EVENT_CANCEL
事件触发到指定的文本区域。LV_SYMBOL_BACKSPACE
删除光标左侧的字符。LV_SYMBOL_LEFT
向左移动光标。LV_SYMBOL_RIGHT
向右移动光标。"ABC"
切换为26键英文大写键盘布局。"abc"
切换为26键英文大写键盘布局。"1#"
切换为特殊字符键盘布局。
Events(事件)
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LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED
Sent when the button is pressed/released or repeated after long press. The event data is set to the ID of the pressed/released button.LV_EVENT_READY
: The Ok button is clicked.LV_EVENT_CANCEL
: The Close button is clicked.
The keyboard has a default event handler callback called
lv_keyboard_def_event_cb()
, which handles the button pressing, map
changing, the assigned text area, etc. You can remove it and replace it
with a custom event handler if you wish.
- note:
In 8.0 and newer, adding an event handler to the keyboard does not remove the default event handler. This behavior differs from v7, where adding an event handler would always replace the previous one.
Learn more about Events(事件).
LV_EVENT_VALUE_CHANGED
按下/松开按钮时发送或长按后重复。事件数据设置为按下/松开按钮。LV_EVENT_READY
: 单击 确定 按钮。LV_EVENT_CANCEL
: 单击 关闭 按钮。
键盘有一个名为 默认事件处理程序回调 调用 lv_keyboard_def_event_cb()
,用于处理按钮按下,映射更改、指定的文本区域等。如果您愿意,您可以删除并替换它,也可以使用自定义事件处理。
- 注意:
在 8.0 及更高版本中,向键盘添加事件处理程序不会删除默认事件处理程序。 此行为与 v7 不同,在 v7 中,添加事件处理程序将始终替换前一个事件处理程序。
详细了解更多 Events(事件)。
Keys(按键)
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LV_KEY_RIGHT/UP/LEFT/RIGHT
To navigate among the buttons and select one.LV_KEY_ENTER
To press/release the selected button.
Learn more about Keys(按键).
LV_KEY_RIGHT/UP/LEFT/RIGHT
在按钮和导航之间选择一个。LV_KEY_ENTER
按下/松开所选按钮。
了解有关 Keys(按键) 的更多信息。